Hubert 'Dale' Gano, a retired U.S. Navy Commander and
his wife Margaret Ellen 'Johnie' Gano witnessed the
bombing of Pearl Harbor. From November 25 through
December 20, 1996, the Ganos shared their experiences by answering questions
from students on Scholastic's Web site. Below is the
transcript of the questions and answers. Unless noted differently, all answers are given by Dale Gano.
About Our Experience
Johnie and Dale Gano Dec 4, 1996
We're here to answer questions from the students regarding
our experiences on Pearl Harbor when the Japanese attacked.
We were both 25 years old and had been married 4 months.
We were not really uneasy about the world situation.
We were still in bed at 8:00 on Sunday morning and
were trying to decide if we should go to church in
Honolulu. The decision was suddenly made for us by
loud explosions. Johnie thought a plane had crashed
near the house. We rushed outside to find our neighbor,
a navy doctor, looking at aircraft through a pair of
binoculars. He suggested that I look at them because
I knew more about airplanes than he did. I said "I
don't need your glasses Doc, look at the Rising Sun
on the side of the airplane. They are Japanese!"
I could see tracer shells being fired at them.
What a way for Sunday to start!
Johnie and Dale Gano
Question:
What did you see?
Answer:
I lived in Pearl City on a peninsula which jutted out
into Pearl Harbor parallel to Ford Island on which
the Naval Air Station was based. Navy ships were tied
to piers on the east and west sides of Ford Island
and at the south end of Pearl City peninsula. There
were others at the shipyard east across the bay from
Ford Island. A very loud explosion rattled our windows. We rushed outside to
see a string of airplanes in a shallow dive toward
the ships at the end of our peninsula. We could see
red anti-aircraft tracer shells floating up toward
the lead aircraft. I could see the "Rising-Sun"
emblem that decorated the side of the aircraft which
identified them as Japanese. My wife and her friends
who lived nearby went up into the hills to hide in
a cave and I caught a boat to Ford Island. On the way
over I saw a large flight of Japanese aircraft fly
over at a high altitude. I saw sunken U.S. Navy ships
on both sides of Ford Island burning furiously. When
I got to the east side of Ford Island I could see large
fires in the Navy Yard which is across the water east
of Ford Island. We lost no aircraft carriers because
they were at sea. The ships which were docked in the
spaces used by the carriers were sunk and burning.
I saw some very brave Navy Yard workers cutting holes
in the bottom of ships that had rolled over and sunk.
They saved quite a few sailors who were trapped in
the ships. I saw an oil covered sailor who looked familiar.
He and I had gone to high school together. He was lost
later in the war. When I went into the barracks later
in the day I saw long rows of dead and injured sailors
lying on the floor. Visualize yourself standing on
the east side of Ford Island looking across the water
toward the Navy base. The submarine base is to your
left, the shipyard straight across and the Navy Hospital
far to the right on the point of land. The last attacking
Japanese airplane I saw dove to rooftop height above
the submarine base, flew across the shipyard and climbed
steeply over the hospital and flew away. The last Japanese
airplane I saw was one we had shot down. It was dragged
up a ramp where I was able to take a cartridge from
a jammed machine gun and remove a nameplate from a
wing for souvenirs.
Question:
How far was Ford Island from Pearl City? How long did
it take you to get to Ford Island?
Answer:
The distance from the pier at the south end of Pearl
City peninsula to the west side of Ford Island is at
least one-half mile. I expect we were underway in the
boat for five to eight minutes. Please remember that
this happened over fifty-five years ago and I did not
measure the distance nor did I time the run. If you
can find a map of Pearl Harbor, I'm sure that you will
find it a very interesting study.
Question:
What was it like watching Pearl Harbor get destroyed?
Answer:
Watching Pearl Harbor being destroyed and thousands
of lives lost put most of us into a state of shock.
I saw no fear manifested by the people around me. We
all responded as we had been trained. The first day,
I manned a machine gun. The second day, I repaired airplanes
as fast as I could. A few days later, those of us who
had families were allowed to go look for them. I could
not find my wife of 4+ months but learned she was safe.
Later we were allowed one night each fourth day off
the base. We were working 12 hours on - 12 hours off.
It was exhausting but repaired airplanes were moving
out. I remember one PBY racing down the harbor for
a test flight. It had not been painted after repair
and was more patch than original skin. I named it The
Flying Patch.
Question:
Where were you or what were you doing at the time of
the bombing?
Answer:
We were contemplating going to church when the first
bomb fell. The attack lasted over a period of time
which extended to my arrival at the Naval Air Station.
Johnie was on her way up to the hills.
Question:
What was the first thought that came to your mind when
you heard the bombing?
Answer:
The first thought that came to my mind was, What
in the world was that? My windows must be broken.
Johnie: On December 5, 1941 I saw the movie "Dive
Bomber" in which several military planes crashed
into the ground. The first thought that came to me
was that one of our planes had crashed nearby possibly
a block from our house
Question:
Could you see the bombs?
Answer:
No, we did not see any bombs but we did see tracers.
Question:
Were you scared during the bombing?
Answer:
Johnie: I drove by to pick up some friends
one of whom had an eleven month old baby. We were told
to go into the hills nearby . Halfway up a plane flew
over- undoubtedly Japanese- and we got out of the car
to take shelter under some trees. I was definitely
very scared.
Question:
Did a bomb drop anywhere near you?
Answer:
The first bomb sounded like it had dropped in
my front yard but I'm sure it was dropped on one of
the ships at Ford Island. It would have been a torpedo
because we know they were launched at our battle ships.
We learned later that the Japanese had practiced dropping
torpedoes in shallow water in preparation for the attack
on Pearl harbor.
Question:
What did it feel like to be in the midst of the bombing?
Answer:
Being in the midst of bombing and such mass destruction
was mind numbing. I went to my duty station, the fire
department, to find no people and no equipment. They
were fighting fires so I joined the line to draw a
weapon. I selected a machine gun.
Questions:
How did you feel during the bombing of Pearl Harbor?
Did you feel scared? How many people died that you
knew?
Answers:
Johnie: Both my husband and I were 25 years old and
I felt secure until the word was passed that all soldiers and sailors and other military had to report to their
duty station. Then I cried some and grabbed my coat
and a box of Kleenex and car keys and got ready to
pick up two friends, one of whom had an 11 month old
child. These friends did not have a car - I was too
busy getting all that "stuff" taken care
of to be scared. We went up into the hills where there
was a huge deserted aqueduct and quite a few people
there before us. Fear sort of came and went. There
was a small army detail group there and that was sort
of a comfort. I vaguely recall they supplied us with
food.
About 4:00p.m. - near sundown we were told to go to
the nearby village of Waipahu and from there we were
sent to the home of the plantation manager because
we had a small child in the group. There we stayed
for 3 days until it became obvious that the enemy were
not going to return and they never did!!!
Dale: My feelings during the bombing of Pearl Harbor
were encased in shock and bewilderment. I was amazed
that the Japanese would do such a thing. I was not
angered to the extent that my thinking was affected
but I would have been willing to shoot them all to
stop the attack. I did not have any friends who died
and was not motivated to look at the many bodies. There
were many sailors trapped in the sunken ships who died.
From the Japanese point of view, their
attack was successful. They sank 21 American warships
and killed 2338 military personnel and civilians. As
one of their admirals was quoted, "We have succeeded
in awakening the sleeping giant."
Question:
Did your ship get shot a lot?
Answer:
I was not stationed on a ship. My duty station
was the Naval Air Station. Ford Island was
damaged when the airplanes parked there-on were destroyed.
Damage to buildings on NAS was very minimal.
Question
Did you see anybody get shot? Did you get any wounds
during the war?
Answer:
I did not see anyone get shot but I did see many
bodies. I was not wounded during the war.
Question:
If you used a gun what kind was it? An automatic, a shotgun,
a 9mm, or a 45?
Answer:
Dale: I used a 30:06 caliber machine gun.
Question:
How bad was the destruction?
Answer:
The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor appeared to be aimed
primarily at our ships and airplanes. I remember no
buildings being bombed, however, the hangars at the
Army Air Stations had been thoroughly machine gunned
and their aircraft destroyed.
Question:
What did Pearl Harbor look like after the bomb?
Answer:
It was a complete mess.
Ships were sunk and burning everywhere. The battleship
Nevada had tried to escape but ran aground
at the entrance to the harbor. Entire squadrons of
our airplanes were destroyed on the ground. I saw aircraft
engines in puddles of molten aluminum. Later, when
I visited Hickam Field I saw the buildings had been
strafed and were completely full of bullet holes. We
were not strafed at Ford Island to that extent.
Question:
Could you see the Japanese pilots?
Answer:
Dale says that he could see their heads but not well
enough to recognize them even if they were his best
friends.
Question:
What was your favorite airplane at that time?
Answer:
My favorite airplanes at that time were, of course,
Navy airplanes because they were the ones I worked
on. They were PBY, SBD, F6F, TBM. The first letter
tells you their function. PB - patrol bomber, SB -
scout bomber, F - fighter and TB - torpedo bomber.
The last letter tells you who manufactured it. Y -
Consolidated, D - Douglas, F - Gruman, M - General
Motors.
Question:
What kind of fighter planes did we use against Japan?
Answer:Our navy fighters were the F6F discussed above.
The marines used F4U fighters. They were the gulf-wing
fighters carrying six 50-caliber machine guns.
Question:
Did you know the pilots who dropped the bombs on Japan?
Answer:
If you are asking if I knew the pilots who dropped the
atomic bombs on Japan, the answer is no. I did know
some of the pilots who saw aerial combat.
Question:
What was the name of your ship?
Answer:
I was not assigned to a ship. I was assigned to
the Naval Air Station on Ford Island. I was an aircraft
mechanic and helped overhaul airplanes at the "Assembly
and Repair Department" where we overhauled airplanes.
Question:
Did you see the Arizona sink?
Answer:
I did not see the Arizona sink. It was moored
to a pier on the east side of Ford Island, and I was
in Pearl City just west of Ford Island when it was
attacked.
Johnie: There was a hole about 9 inches across in the
neighbor's house probably caused by shrapnel. We understood
that they machine gunned the next street over from
our house.
Questions:
I know that after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese
Americans in California were relocated to camps away
from the west coast for security reasons. Were Japanese
Americans in Hawaii ever locked up? Were they considered
to be potential spies? I would think that the suspicions
against them would be great, especially after the surprise
attack. How did you feel about Japanese Americans after the attack?
At the time, who was targeted for blame?
Answers:
Dale: To the best of my knowledge Japanese Americans
were not locked up after the Pearl Harbor attack. You
cannot lump them together under one category. Many
of them had been in Hawaii for generations and were
good Americans. They owned and operated businesses.
As for spying visiting Japanese could see all of
Pearl Harbor from local highways which were located
well above sea level in the nearby hills. They could
take pictures from Pan American Airways passenger planes
that landed in Pearl Harbor and were based at the foot
of Pearl City Peninsula. They could see Army installations
which included air bases from those same airplanes
as they approached for landing and during departure.
After the attack my every thought other than for the
welfare of my wife was the repair of damaged aircraft
and the preparation for flight of newly arriving aircraft
on ships. Most of them arrived with their wings off
so more could be packed on ships. Also, they were new
designs I had never seen before so I had a lot to learn.
We were working every waking hour and I had little
time to think about our enemy who might be among us.
An American General and an American Admiral were targeted
for blame for the poor showing we made on Dec. 7, 1941.
I blame our president and the people around him for
our being caught asleep that Sunday morning. It turned
out later that the President, F.D.R., did know of the
pending attack at least one day before it happened.
His message to Pearl Harbor arrived after the attack.
He should have suspected something days earlier but
he elected to wait.
It does not seem to be general knowledge but an American
Army division consisting of young Japanese American
men fought against the Germans.
Johnie: The Americans, Hawaiians, Japanese, and other
nationalities lived side by side, intermingled you
might say. The small grocery in our community was operated
(owned?) by a Japanese man. This store was closed after
the Pearl Harbor attack, but it was opened again later
on.
Our neighbor, a Japanese, raised chickens and sort of
managed the properties in which the Navy families lived.
He came to our door one day when I was alone; he spoke
very little English and I spoke no Japanese. He finally
communicated the fact that he wanted to give me one of his
live chickens. Here, take him, kill him, eat him, he
said. Poultry feed was very scarce and he was having
to reduce the size of his flock.
The process of making this "gift" ready for
dinner was entirely our way of life! It's a long story, but the next time Dale came home on liberty,
he had roast chicken. I ate vegetables.
Question:
How did your wife feel about you serving in the military?
Answer:
I have always believed that my wife was proud of my
profession. I'm sure she had things to worry about
as do all military wives. Moving to a different part
of the world every three or so years is a heavy burden
for military wives.
Question:
Do you tell the story to your grandchildren?
Answer:
My wife and I wrote the story of our lives for our children
and those to come later. It covered a period of over
fifty years.
Question:
If there were to be a WWIII would you be prepared for
it?
Answer:
I cannot believe that anyone can be psychologically
prepared for a WWIII. We, of course, can be physically
prepared for it but I doubt that we will because the
cost would be prohibitively high.
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